Update: 更新esptool ( version: 4.7.0 )

tools/python/esptool/__init__.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ __all__ = [
     "write_mem",
 ]
 
-__version__ = "4.6.2"
+__version__ = "4.7.0"
 
 import argparse
 import inspect
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import sys
 import time
 import traceback
 
+from bin_image import intel_hex_to_bin
 from cmds import (
     DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES,
     chip_id,
@@ -176,16 +177,18 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
         parent.add_argument(
             "--spi-connection",
             "-sc",
-            help="ESP32-only argument. Override default SPI Flash connection. "
+            help="Override default SPI Flash connection. "
             "Value can be SPI, HSPI or a comma-separated list of 5 I/O numbers "
-            "to use for SPI flash (CLK,Q,D,HD,CS).",
+            "to use for SPI flash (CLK,Q,D,HD,CS). Not supported with ESP8266.",
             action=SpiConnectionAction,
         )
 
     parser_load_ram = subparsers.add_parser(
         "load_ram", help="Download an image to RAM and execute"
     )
-    parser_load_ram.add_argument("filename", help="Firmware image")
+    parser_load_ram.add_argument(
+        "filename", help="Firmware image", action=AutoHex2BinAction
+    )
 
     parser_dump_mem = subparsers.add_parser(
         "dump_mem", help="Dump arbitrary memory to disk"
@@ -357,7 +360,9 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
     parser_image_info = subparsers.add_parser(
         "image_info", help="Dump headers from a binary file (bootloader or application)"
     )
-    parser_image_info.add_argument("filename", help="Image file to parse")
+    parser_image_info.add_argument(
+        "filename", help="Image file to parse", action=AutoHex2BinAction
+    )
     parser_image_info.add_argument(
         "--version",
         "-v",
@@ -477,6 +482,17 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
         "must be aligned to. Value 0xFF is used for padding, similar to erase_flash",
         default=None,
     )
+    parser_elf2image.add_argument(
+        "--ram-only-header",
+        help="Order segments of the output so IRAM and DRAM are placed at the "
+        "beginning and force the main header segment number to RAM segments "
+        "quantity. This will make the other segments invisible to the ROM "
+        "loader. Use this argument with care because the ROM loader will load "
+        "only the RAM segments although the other segments being present in "
+        "the output.",
+        action="store_true",
+        default=None,
+    )
 
     add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_elf2image, allow_keep=False, auto_detect=False)
 
@@ -587,18 +603,36 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
         "--output", "-o", help="Output filename", type=str, required=True
     )
     parser_merge_bin.add_argument(
-        "--format", "-f", help="Format of the output file", choices="raw", default="raw"
+        "--format",
-    )  # for future expansion
+        "-f",
+        help="Format of the output file",
+        choices=["raw", "uf2", "hex"],
+        default="raw",
+    )
+    uf2_group = parser_merge_bin.add_argument_group("UF2 format")
+    uf2_group.add_argument(
+        "--chunk-size",
+        help="Specify the used data part of the 512 byte UF2 block. "
+        "A common value is 256. By default the largest possible value will be used.",
+        default=None,
+        type=arg_auto_chunk_size,
+    )
+    uf2_group.add_argument(
+        "--md5-disable",
+        help="Disable MD5 checksum in UF2 output",
+        action="store_true",
+    )
     add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_merge_bin, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=False)
 
-    parser_merge_bin.add_argument(
+    raw_group = parser_merge_bin.add_argument_group("RAW format")
+    raw_group.add_argument(
         "--target-offset",
         "-t",
         help="Target offset where the output file will be flashed",
         type=arg_auto_int,
         default=0,
     )
-    parser_merge_bin.add_argument(
+    raw_group.add_argument(
         "--fill-flash-size",
         help="If set, the final binary file will be padded with FF "
         "bytes up to this flash size.",
@@ -736,14 +770,22 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
                     "Keeping initial baud rate %d" % initial_baud
                 )
 
-        # override common SPI flash parameter stuff if configured to do so
+        # Override the common SPI flash parameter stuff if configured to do so
         if hasattr(args, "spi_connection") and args.spi_connection is not None:
-            if esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32":
+            spi_config = args.spi_connection
-                raise FatalError(
+            if args.spi_connection == "SPI":
-                    "Chip %s does not support --spi-connection option." % esp.CHIP_NAME
+                value = 0
-                )
+            elif args.spi_connection == "HSPI":
-            print("Configuring SPI flash mode...")
+                value = 1
-            esp.flash_spi_attach(args.spi_connection)
+            else:
+                esp.check_spi_connection(args.spi_connection)
+                # Encode the pin numbers as a 32-bit integer with packed 6-bit values,
+                # the same way the ESP ROM takes them
+                clk, q, d, hd, cs = args.spi_connection
+                spi_config = f"CLK:{clk}, Q:{q}, D:{d}, HD:{hd}, CS:{cs}"
+                value = (hd << 24) | (cs << 18) | (d << 12) | (q << 6) | clk
+            print(f"Configuring SPI flash mode ({spi_config})...")
+            esp.flash_spi_attach(value)
         elif args.no_stub:
             print("Enabling default SPI flash mode...")
             # ROM loader doesn't enable flash unless we explicitly do it
@@ -812,6 +854,15 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
                         "Try checking the chip connections or removing "
                         "any other hardware connected to IOs."
                     )
+                    if (
+                        hasattr(args, "spi_connection")
+                        and args.spi_connection is not None
+                    ):
+                        print(
+                            "Some GPIO pins might be used by other peripherals, "
+                            "try using another --spi-connection combination."
+                        )
+
             except FatalError as e:
                 raise FatalError(f"Unable to verify flash chip connection ({e}).")
 
@@ -834,7 +885,11 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
             if flash_size is not None:  # Secure download mode
                 esp.flash_set_parameters(flash_size_bytes(flash_size))
                 # Check if stub supports chosen flash size
-                if esp.IS_STUB and flash_size in ("32MB", "64MB", "128MB"):
+                if (
+                    esp.IS_STUB
+                    and esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32-S3"
+                    and flash_size_bytes(flash_size) > 16 * 1024 * 1024
+                ):
                     print(
                         "WARNING: Flasher stub doesn't fully support flash size larger "
                         "than 16MB, in case of failure use --no-stub."
@@ -858,7 +913,7 @@ def main(argv=None, esp=None):
             args.size = flash_size_bytes(size_str)
 
         if esp.IS_STUB and hasattr(args, "address") and hasattr(args, "size"):
-            if args.address + args.size > 0x1000000:
+            if esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32-S3" and args.address + args.size > 0x1000000:
                 print(
                     "WARNING: Flasher stub doesn't fully support flash size larger "
                     "than 16MB, in case of failure use --no-stub."
@@ -906,6 +961,13 @@ def arg_auto_size(x):
     return x if x == "all" else arg_auto_int(x)
 
 
+def arg_auto_chunk_size(string: str) -> int:
+    num = int(string, 0)
+    if num & 3 != 0:
+        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("Chunk size should be a 4-byte aligned number")
+    return num
+
+
 def get_port_list():
     if list_ports is None:
         raise FatalError(
@@ -934,7 +996,7 @@ def expand_file_arguments(argv):
         else:
             new_args.append(arg)
     if expanded:
-        print("esptool %s" % (" ".join(new_args[1:])))
+        print(f"esptool.py {' '.join(new_args)}")
         return new_args
     return argv
 
@@ -978,42 +1040,44 @@ class SpiConnectionAction(argparse.Action):
     """
 
     def __call__(self, parser, namespace, value, option_string=None):
-        if value.upper() == "SPI":
+        if value.upper() in ["SPI", "HSPI"]:
-            value = 0
+            values = value.upper()
-        elif value.upper() == "HSPI":
-            value = 1
         elif "," in value:
             values = value.split(",")
             if len(values) != 5:
                 raise argparse.ArgumentError(
                     self,
-                    "%s is not a valid list of comma-separate pin numbers. "
+                    f"{value} is not a valid list of comma-separate pin numbers. "
-                    "Must be 5 numbers - CLK,Q,D,HD,CS." % value,
+                    "Must be 5 numbers - CLK,Q,D,HD,CS.",
                 )
             try:
                 values = tuple(int(v, 0) for v in values)
             except ValueError:
                 raise argparse.ArgumentError(
                     self,
-                    "%s is not a valid argument. All pins must be numeric values"
+                    f"{values} is not a valid argument. "
-                    % values,
+                    "All pins must be numeric values",
                 )
-            if any([v for v in values if v > 33 or v < 0]):
-                raise argparse.ArgumentError(
-                    self, "Pin numbers must be in the range 0-33."
-                )
-            # encode the pin numbers as a 32-bit integer with packed 6-bit values,
-            # the same way ESP32 ROM takes them
-            # TODO: make this less ESP32 ROM specific somehow...
-            clk, q, d, hd, cs = values
-            value = (hd << 24) | (cs << 18) | (d << 12) | (q << 6) | clk
         else:
             raise argparse.ArgumentError(
                 self,
-                "%s is not a valid spi-connection value. "
+                f"{value} is not a valid spi-connection value. "
-                "Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers CLK,Q,D,HD,CS)."
+                "Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers - CLK,Q,D,HD,CS.",
-                % value,
             )
+        setattr(namespace, self.dest, values)
+
+
+class AutoHex2BinAction(argparse.Action):
+    """Custom parser class for auto conversion of input files from hex to bin"""
+
+    def __call__(self, parser, namespace, value, option_string=None):
+        try:
+            with open(value, "rb") as f:
+                # if hex file was detected replace hex file with converted temp bin
+                # otherwise keep the original file
+                value = intel_hex_to_bin(f).name
+        except IOError as e:
+            raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, e)
         setattr(namespace, self.dest, value)
 
 
@@ -1045,6 +1109,8 @@ class AddrFilenamePairAction(argparse.Action):
                     "Must be pairs of an address "
                     "and the binary filename to write there",
                 )
+            # check for intel hex files and convert them to bin
+            argfile = intel_hex_to_bin(argfile, address)
             pairs.append((address, argfile))
 
         # Sort the addresses and check for overlapping

tools/python/esptool/bin_image.py

@@ -10,6 +10,10 @@ import io
 import os
 import re
 import struct
+import tempfile
+from typing import BinaryIO, Optional
+
+from intelhex import IntelHex
 
 from loader import ESPLoader
 from targets import (
@@ -20,6 +24,7 @@ from targets import (
     ESP32H2BETA1ROM,
     ESP32H2BETA2ROM,
     ESP32H2ROM,
+    ESP32P4ROM,
     ESP32ROM,
     ESP32S2ROM,
     ESP32S3BETA2ROM,
@@ -35,6 +40,23 @@ def align_file_position(f, size):
     f.seek(align, 1)
 
 
+def intel_hex_to_bin(file: BinaryIO, start_addr: Optional[int] = None) -> BinaryIO:
+    """Convert IntelHex file to temp binary file with padding from start_addr
+    If hex file was detected return temp bin file object; input file otherwise"""
+    INTEL_HEX_MAGIC = b":"
+    magic = file.read(1)
+    file.seek(0)
+    if magic == INTEL_HEX_MAGIC:
+        ih = IntelHex()
+        ih.loadhex(file.name)
+        file.close()
+        bin = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".bin", delete=False)
+        ih.tobinfile(bin, start=start_addr)
+        return bin
+    else:
+        return file
+
+
 def LoadFirmwareImage(chip, image_file):
     """
     Load a firmware image. Can be for any supported SoC.
@@ -61,6 +83,7 @@ def LoadFirmwareImage(chip, image_file):
                 "esp32c2": ESP32C2FirmwareImage,
                 "esp32c6": ESP32C6FirmwareImage,
                 "esp32h2": ESP32H2FirmwareImage,
+                "esp32p4": ESP32P4FirmwareImage,
             }[chip](f)
         else:  # Otherwise, ESP8266 so look at magic to determine the image type
             magic = ord(f.read(1))
@@ -248,6 +271,20 @@ class BaseFirmwareImage(object):
         if checksum is not None:
             return ESPLoader.checksum(segment_data, checksum)
 
+    def save_flash_segment(self, f, segment, checksum=None):
+        """
+        Save the next segment to the image file, return next checksum value if provided
+        """
+        if self.ROM_LOADER.CHIP_NAME == "ESP32":
+            # Work around a bug in ESP-IDF 2nd stage bootloader, that it didn't map the
+            # last MMU page, if an IROM/DROM segment was < 0x24 bytes
+            # over the page boundary.
+            segment_end_pos = f.tell() + len(segment.data) + self.SEG_HEADER_LEN
+            segment_len_remainder = segment_end_pos % self.IROM_ALIGN
+            if segment_len_remainder < 0x24:
+                segment.data += b"\x00" * (0x24 - segment_len_remainder)
+        return self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum)
+
     def read_checksum(self, f):
         """Return ESPLoader checksum from end of just-read image"""
         # Skip the padding. The checksum is stored in the last byte so that the
@@ -555,7 +592,7 @@ class ESP32FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage):
 
     IROM_ALIGN = 65536
 
-    def __init__(self, load_file=None, append_digest=True):
+    def __init__(self, load_file=None, append_digest=True, ram_only_header=False):
         super(ESP32FirmwareImage, self).__init__()
         self.secure_pad = None
         self.flash_mode = 0
@@ -573,6 +610,7 @@ class ESP32FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage):
         self.min_rev = 0
         self.min_rev_full = 0
         self.max_rev_full = 0
+        self.ram_only_header = ram_only_header
 
         self.append_digest = append_digest
 
@@ -632,10 +670,10 @@ class ESP32FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage):
                 if not self.is_flash_addr(s.addr)
             ]
 
-            # Patch to support 761 union bus memmap     // TODO: ESPTOOL-512
+            # Patch to support ESP32-C6 union bus memmap
             # move ".flash.appdesc" segment to the top of the flash segment
             for segment in flash_segments:
-                if segment.name == ".flash.appdesc":
+                if isinstance(segment, ELFSection) and segment.name == ".flash.appdesc":
                     flash_segments.remove(segment)
                     flash_segments.insert(0, segment)
                     break
@@ -685,33 +723,61 @@ class ESP32FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage):
                     pad_len += self.IROM_ALIGN
                 return pad_len
 
-            # try to fit each flash segment on a 64kB aligned boundary
+            if self.ram_only_header:
-            # by padding with parts of the non-flash segments...
+                # write RAM segments first in order to get only RAM segments quantity
-            while len(flash_segments) > 0:
+                # and checksum (ROM bootloader will only care for RAM segments and its
-                segment = flash_segments[0]
+                # correct checksums)
-                pad_len = get_alignment_data_needed(segment)
+                for segment in ram_segments:
-                if pad_len > 0:  # need to pad
+                    checksum = self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum)
-                    if len(ram_segments) > 0 and pad_len > self.SEG_HEADER_LEN:
-                        pad_segment = ram_segments[0].split_image(pad_len)
-                        if len(ram_segments[0].data) == 0:
-                            ram_segments.pop(0)
-                    else:
-                        pad_segment = ImageSegment(0, b"\x00" * pad_len, f.tell())
-                    checksum = self.save_segment(f, pad_segment, checksum)
                     total_segments += 1
-                else:
+                self.append_checksum(f, checksum)
+
+                # reversing to match the same section order from linker script
+                flash_segments.reverse()
+                for segment in flash_segments:
+                    pad_len = get_alignment_data_needed(segment)
+                    while pad_len > 0:
+                        pad_segment = ImageSegment(0, b"\x00" * pad_len, f.tell())
+                        self.save_segment(f, pad_segment)
+                        total_segments += 1
+                        pad_len = get_alignment_data_needed(segment)
                     # write the flash segment
                     assert (
                         f.tell() + 8
                     ) % self.IROM_ALIGN == segment.addr % self.IROM_ALIGN
-                    checksum = self.save_flash_segment(f, segment, checksum)
+                    # save the flash segment but not saving its checksum neither
-                    flash_segments.pop(0)
+                    # saving the number of flash segments, since ROM bootloader
+                    # should "not see" them
+                    self.save_flash_segment(f, segment)
                     total_segments += 1
+            else:  # not self.ram_only_header
+                # try to fit each flash segment on a 64kB aligned boundary
+                # by padding with parts of the non-flash segments...
+                while len(flash_segments) > 0:
+                    segment = flash_segments[0]
+                    pad_len = get_alignment_data_needed(segment)
+                    if pad_len > 0:  # need to pad
+                        if len(ram_segments) > 0 and pad_len > self.SEG_HEADER_LEN:
+                            pad_segment = ram_segments[0].split_image(pad_len)
+                            if len(ram_segments[0].data) == 0:
+                                ram_segments.pop(0)
+                        else:
+                            pad_segment = ImageSegment(0, b"\x00" * pad_len, f.tell())
+                        checksum = self.save_segment(f, pad_segment, checksum)
+                        total_segments += 1
+                    else:
+                        # write the flash segment
+                        assert (
+                            f.tell() + 8
+                        ) % self.IROM_ALIGN == segment.addr % self.IROM_ALIGN
+                        checksum = self.save_flash_segment(f, segment, checksum)
+                        flash_segments.pop(0)
+                        total_segments += 1
 
-            # flash segments all written, so write any remaining RAM segments
+                # flash segments all written, so write any remaining RAM segments
-            for segment in ram_segments:
+                for segment in ram_segments:
-                checksum = self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum)
+                    checksum = self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum)
-                total_segments += 1
+                    total_segments += 1
 
             if self.secure_pad:
                 # pad the image so that after signing it will end on a a 64KB boundary.
@@ -743,8 +809,9 @@ class ESP32FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage):
                 checksum = self.save_segment(f, pad_segment, checksum)
                 total_segments += 1
 
-            # done writing segments
+            if not self.ram_only_header:
-            self.append_checksum(f, checksum)
+                # done writing segments
+                self.append_checksum(f, checksum)
             image_length = f.tell()
 
             if self.secure_pad:
@@ -753,7 +820,12 @@ class ESP32FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage):
             # kinda hacky: go back to the initial header and write the new segment count
             # that includes padding segments. This header is not checksummed
             f.seek(1)
-            f.write(bytes([total_segments]))
+            if self.ram_only_header:
+                # Update the header with the RAM segments quantity as it should be
+                # visible by the ROM bootloader
+                f.write(bytes([len(ram_segments)]))
+            else:
+                f.write(bytes([total_segments]))
 
             if self.append_digest:
                 # calculate the SHA256 of the whole file and append it
@@ -771,19 +843,6 @@ class ESP32FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage):
             with open(filename, "wb") as real_file:
                 real_file.write(f.getvalue())
 
-    def save_flash_segment(self, f, segment, checksum=None):
-        """
-        Save the next segment to the image file, return next checksum value if provided
-        """
-        segment_end_pos = f.tell() + len(segment.data) + self.SEG_HEADER_LEN
-        segment_len_remainder = segment_end_pos % self.IROM_ALIGN
-        if segment_len_remainder < 0x24:
-            # Work around a bug in ESP-IDF 2nd stage bootloader, that it didn't map the
-            # last MMU page, if an IROM/DROM segment was < 0x24 bytes
-            # over the page boundary.
-            segment.data += b"\x00" * (0x24 - segment_len_remainder)
-        return self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum)
-
     def load_extended_header(self, load_file):
         def split_byte(n):
             return (n & 0x0F, (n >> 4) & 0x0F)
@@ -1055,6 +1114,15 @@ class ESP32C6FirmwareImage(ESP32FirmwareImage):
 ESP32C6ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32C6FirmwareImage
 
 
+class ESP32P4FirmwareImage(ESP32FirmwareImage):
+    """ESP32P4 Firmware Image almost exactly the same as ESP32FirmwareImage"""
+
+    ROM_LOADER = ESP32P4ROM
+
+
+ESP32P4ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32P4FirmwareImage
+
+
 class ESP32H2FirmwareImage(ESP32C6FirmwareImage):
     """ESP32H2 Firmware Image almost exactly the same as ESP32FirmwareImage"""
 
@@ -1067,6 +1135,7 @@ ESP32H2ROM.BOOTLOADER_IMAGE = ESP32H2FirmwareImage
 class ELFFile(object):
     SEC_TYPE_PROGBITS = 0x01
     SEC_TYPE_STRTAB = 0x03
+    SEC_TYPE_NOBITS = 0x08  # e.g. .bss section
     SEC_TYPE_INITARRAY = 0x0E
     SEC_TYPE_FINIARRAY = 0x0F
 
@@ -1157,6 +1226,7 @@ class ELFFile(object):
 
         all_sections = [read_section_header(offs) for offs in section_header_offsets]
         prog_sections = [s for s in all_sections if s[1] in ELFFile.PROG_SEC_TYPES]
+        nobits_secitons = [s for s in all_sections if s[1] == ELFFile.SEC_TYPE_NOBITS]
 
         # search for the string table section
         if not (shstrndx * self.LEN_SEC_HEADER) in section_header_offsets:
@@ -1188,6 +1258,11 @@ class ELFFile(object):
             if lma != 0 and size > 0
         ]
         self.sections = prog_sections
+        self.nobits_sections = [
+            ELFSection(lookup_string(n_offs), lma, b"")
+            for (n_offs, _type, lma, size, offs) in nobits_secitons
+            if lma != 0 and size > 0
+        ]
 
     def _read_segments(self, f, segment_header_offs, segment_header_count, shstrndx):
         f.seek(segment_header_offs)

tools/python/esptool/cmds.py

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import sys
 import time
 import zlib
 
+from intelhex import IntelHex
+
 from bin_image import ELFFile, ImageSegment, LoadFirmwareImage
 from bin_image import (
     ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage,
@@ -25,6 +27,7 @@ from loader import (
     timeout_per_mb,
 )
 from targets import CHIP_DEFS, CHIP_LIST, ROM_LIST
+from uf2_writer import UF2Writer
 from util import (
     FatalError,
     NotImplementedInROMError,
@@ -96,7 +99,7 @@ def detect_chip(
         print("Detecting chip type...", end="")
         chip_id = detect_port.get_chip_id()
         for cls in [
-            n for n in ROM_LIST if n.CHIP_NAME not in ("ESP8266", "ESP32", "ESP32S2")
+            n for n in ROM_LIST if n.CHIP_NAME not in ("ESP8266", "ESP32", "ESP32-S2")
         ]:
             # cmd not supported on ESP8266 and ESP32 + ESP32-S2 doesn't return chip_id
             if chip_id == cls.IMAGE_CHIP_ID:
@@ -466,7 +469,7 @@ def write_flash(esp, args):
     flash_end = flash_size_bytes(
         detect_flash_size(esp) if args.flash_size == "keep" else args.flash_size
     )
-    if flash_end is not None:  # Secure download mode
+    if flash_end is not None:  # Not in secure download mode
         for address, argfile in args.addr_filename:
             argfile.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
             if address + argfile.tell() > flash_end:
@@ -979,6 +982,8 @@ def elf2image(args):
         args.chip = "esp8266"
 
     print("Creating {} image...".format(args.chip))
+    if args.ram_only_header:
+        print("ROM segments hidden - only RAM segments are visible to the ROM loader!")
 
     if args.chip != "esp8266":
         image = CHIP_DEFS[args.chip].BOOTLOADER_IMAGE()
@@ -989,6 +994,7 @@ def elf2image(args):
         image.min_rev = args.min_rev
         image.min_rev_full = args.min_rev_full
         image.max_rev_full = args.max_rev_full
+        image.ram_only_header = args.ram_only_header
         image.append_digest = args.append_digest
     elif args.version == "1":  # ESP8266
         image = ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage()
@@ -1106,9 +1112,9 @@ def read_flash(esp, args):
 
         def flash_progress(progress, length):
             msg = "%d (%d %%)" % (progress, progress * 100.0 / length)
-            # padding = "\b" * len(msg)
+            padding = "\b" * len(msg)
-            # if progress == length:
+            if progress == length:
-            padding = "\n"
+                padding = "\n"
             sys.stdout.write(msg + padding)
             sys.stdout.flush()
 
@@ -1180,15 +1186,95 @@ def write_flash_status(esp, args):
     print(("After flash status:   " + fmt) % esp.read_status(args.bytes))
 
 
+# The following mapping was taken from the ROM code
+# This mapping is same across all targets in the ROM
+SECURITY_INFO_FLAG_MAP = {
+    "SECURE_BOOT_EN": (1 << 0),
+    "SECURE_BOOT_AGGRESSIVE_REVOKE": (1 << 1),
+    "SECURE_DOWNLOAD_ENABLE": (1 << 2),
+    "SECURE_BOOT_KEY_REVOKE0": (1 << 3),
+    "SECURE_BOOT_KEY_REVOKE1": (1 << 4),
+    "SECURE_BOOT_KEY_REVOKE2": (1 << 5),
+    "SOFT_DIS_JTAG": (1 << 6),
+    "HARD_DIS_JTAG": (1 << 7),
+    "DIS_USB": (1 << 8),
+    "DIS_DOWNLOAD_DCACHE": (1 << 9),
+    "DIS_DOWNLOAD_ICACHE": (1 << 10),
+}
+
+
+# Get the status of respective security flag
+def get_security_flag_status(flag_name, flags_value):
+    try:
+        return (flags_value & SECURITY_INFO_FLAG_MAP[flag_name]) != 0
+    except KeyError:
+        raise ValueError(f"Invalid flag name: {flag_name}")
+
+
 def get_security_info(esp, args):
     si = esp.get_security_info()
-    # TODO: better display
+    print()
+    title = "Security Information:"
+    print(title)
+    print("=" * len(title))
     print("Flags: {:#010x} ({})".format(si["flags"], bin(si["flags"])))
-    print("Flash_Crypt_Cnt: {:#x}".format(si["flash_crypt_cnt"]))
+    print("Key Purposes: {}".format(si["key_purposes"]))
-    print("Key_Purposes: {}".format(si["key_purposes"]))
     if si["chip_id"] is not None and si["api_version"] is not None:
-        print("Chip_ID: {}".format(si["chip_id"]))
+        print("Chip ID: {}".format(si["chip_id"]))
-        print("Api_Version: {}".format(si["api_version"]))
+        print("API Version: {}".format(si["api_version"]))
+
+    flags = si["flags"]
+
+    if get_security_flag_status("SECURE_BOOT_EN", flags):
+        print("Secure Boot: Enabled")
+        if get_security_flag_status("SECURE_BOOT_AGGRESSIVE_REVOKE", flags):
+            print("Secure Boot Aggressive key revocation: Enabled")
+
+        revoked_keys = []
+        for i, key in enumerate(
+            [
+                "SECURE_BOOT_KEY_REVOKE0",
+                "SECURE_BOOT_KEY_REVOKE1",
+                "SECURE_BOOT_KEY_REVOKE2",
+            ]
+        ):
+            if get_security_flag_status(key, flags):
+                revoked_keys.append(i)
+
+        if len(revoked_keys) > 0:
+            print("Secure Boot Key Revocation Status:\n")
+            for i in revoked_keys:
+                print(f"\tSecure Boot Key{i} is Revoked\n")
+
+    else:
+        print("Secure Boot: Disabled")
+
+    flash_crypt_cnt = bin(si["flash_crypt_cnt"])
+    if (flash_crypt_cnt.count("1") % 2) != 0:
+        print("Flash Encryption: Enabled")
+    else:
+        print("Flash Encryption: Disabled")
+
+    CRYPT_CNT_STRING = "SPI Boot Crypt Count (SPI_BOOT_CRYPT_CNT)"
+    if esp.CHIP_NAME == "esp32":
+        CRYPT_CNT_STRING = "Flash Crypt Count (FLASH_CRYPT_CNT)"
+
+    print(f"{CRYPT_CNT_STRING}: {si['flash_crypt_cnt']:#x}")
+
+    if get_security_flag_status("DIS_DOWNLOAD_DCACHE", flags):
+        print("Dcache in UART download mode: Disabled")
+
+    if get_security_flag_status("DIS_DOWNLOAD_ICACHE", flags):
+        print("Icache in UART download mode: Disabled")
+
+    hard_dis_jtag = get_security_flag_status("HARD_DIS_JTAG", flags)
+    soft_dis_jtag = get_security_flag_status("SOFT_DIS_JTAG", flags)
+    if hard_dis_jtag:
+        print("JTAG: Permenantly Disabled")
+    elif soft_dis_jtag:
+        print("JTAG: Software Access Disabled")
+    if get_security_flag_status("DIS_USB", flags):
+        print("USB Access: Disabled")
 
 
 def merge_bin(args):
@@ -1198,9 +1284,9 @@ def merge_bin(args):
         msg = (
             "Please specify the chip argument"
             if args.chip == "auto"
-            else "Invalid chip choice: '{}'".format(args.chip)
+            else f"Invalid chip choice: '{args.chip}'"
         )
-        msg = msg + " (choose from {})".format(", ".join(CHIP_LIST))
+        msg = f"{msg} (choose from {', '.join(CHIP_LIST)})"
         raise FatalError(msg)
 
     # sort the files by offset.
@@ -1211,31 +1297,57 @@ def merge_bin(args):
     first_addr = input_files[0][0]
     if first_addr < args.target_offset:
         raise FatalError(
-            "Output file target offset is 0x%x. Input file offset 0x%x is before this."
+            f"Output file target offset is {args.target_offset:#x}. "
-            % (args.target_offset, first_addr)
+            f"Input file offset {first_addr:#x} is before this."
         )
 
-    if args.format != "raw":
+    if args.format == "uf2":
-        raise FatalError(
+        with UF2Writer(
-            "This version of esptool only supports the 'raw' output format"
+            chip_class.UF2_FAMILY_ID,
+            args.output,
+            args.chunk_size,
+            md5_enabled=not args.md5_disable,
+        ) as writer:
+            for addr, argfile in input_files:
+                print(f"Adding {argfile.name} at {addr:#x}")
+                image = argfile.read()
+                image = _update_image_flash_params(chip_class, addr, args, image)
+                writer.add_file(addr, image)
+        print(
+            f"Wrote {os.path.getsize(args.output):#x} bytes to file {args.output}, "
+            f"ready to be flashed with any ESP USB Bridge"
         )
 
-    with open(args.output, "wb") as of:
+    elif args.format == "raw":
+        with open(args.output, "wb") as of:
 
-        def pad_to(flash_offs):
+            def pad_to(flash_offs):
-            # account for output file offset if there is any
+                # account for output file offset if there is any
-            of.write(b"\xFF" * (flash_offs - args.target_offset - of.tell()))
+                of.write(b"\xFF" * (flash_offs - args.target_offset - of.tell()))
 
+            for addr, argfile in input_files:
+                pad_to(addr)
+                image = argfile.read()
+                image = _update_image_flash_params(chip_class, addr, args, image)
+                of.write(image)
+            if args.fill_flash_size:
+                pad_to(flash_size_bytes(args.fill_flash_size))
+            print(
+                f"Wrote {of.tell():#x} bytes to file {args.output}, "
+                f"ready to flash to offset {args.target_offset:#x}"
+            )
+    elif args.format == "hex":
+        out = IntelHex()
         for addr, argfile in input_files:
-            pad_to(addr)
+            ihex = IntelHex()
             image = argfile.read()
             image = _update_image_flash_params(chip_class, addr, args, image)
-            of.write(image)
+            ihex.frombytes(image, addr)
-        if args.fill_flash_size:
+            out.merge(ihex)
-            pad_to(flash_size_bytes(args.fill_flash_size))
+        out.write_hex_file(args.output)
         print(
-            "Wrote 0x%x bytes to file %s, ready to flash to offset 0x%x"
+            f"Wrote {os.path.getsize(args.output):#x} bytes to file {args.output}, "
-            % (of.tell(), args.output, args.target_offset)
+            f"ready to flash to offset {args.target_offset:#x}"
         )
 
 

tools/python/esptool/intelhex/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2016-2018, Alexander Belchenko
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms,
+# with or without modification, are permitted provided
+# that the following conditions are met:
+#
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain
+#   the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
+#   and the following disclaimer.
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce
+#   the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
+#   and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+#   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+# * Neither the name of the author nor the names
+#   of its contributors may be used to endorse
+#   or promote products derived from this software
+#   without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
+# BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
+# AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
+# OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA,
+# OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
+# AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+# STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
+# EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    print("Welcome to IntelHex Python library.")
+    print()
+    print("The intelhex package has some executable points:")
+    print("  python -m intelhex.test  -- easy way to run unit tests.")
+    print("  python -m intelhex.bench -- run benchmarks.")

tools/python/esptool/intelhex/__version__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# IntelHex library version information 
+version_info = (2, 3, 0)
+version_str = '.'.join([str(i) for i in version_info])

tools/python/esptool/intelhex/bench.py

@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+# (c) Alexander Belchenko, 2007, 2009
+
+# [2013/08] NOTE: This file is keeping for historical reasons.
+# It may or may not work actually with current version of intelhex,
+# and most likely it requires some fixes here and there.
+
+"""Benchmarking.
+
+Run each test 3 times and get median value.
+Using 10K array as base test time.
+
+Each other test compared with base with next formula::
+
+         Tc * Nb
+    q = ---------
+         Tb * Nc
+
+Here:
+
+* Tc - execution time of current test
+* Tb - execution time of base
+* Nb - array size of base (10K)
+* Nc - array size of current test
+
+If resulting value is ``q <= 1.0`` it's the best possible result,
+i.e. time increase proportionally to array size.
+"""
+
+import gc
+import sys
+import time
+
+import intelhex
+from intelhex.compat import StringIO, range_g
+
+def median(values):
+    """Return median value for the list of values.
+    @param  values:     list of values for processing.
+    @return:            median value.
+    """
+    values.sort()
+    n = int(len(values) / 2)
+    return values[n]
+
+def run_test(func, fobj):
+    """Run func with argument fobj and measure execution time.
+    @param  func:   function for test
+    @param  fobj:   data for test
+    @return:        execution time
+    """
+    gc.disable()
+    try:
+        begin = time.time()
+        func(fobj)
+        end = time.time()
+    finally:
+        gc.enable()
+    return end - begin
+
+def run_readtest_N_times(func, hexstr, n):
+    """Run each test N times.
+    @param  func:   function for test
+    @param  hexstr: string with content of hex file to read
+    @param  n:      times to repeat.
+    @return:        (median time, times list)
+    """
+    assert n > 0
+    times = []
+    for i in range_g(n):
+        sio = StringIO(hexstr)
+        times.append(run_test(func, sio))
+        sio.close()
+    t = median(times)
+    return t, times
+
+def run_writetest_N_times(func, n):
+    """Run each test N times.
+    @param  func:   function for test
+    @param  n:      times to repeat.
+    @return:        (median time, times list)
+    """
+    assert n > 0
+    times = []
+    for i in range_g(n):
+        sio = StringIO()
+        times.append(run_test(func, sio))
+        sio.close()
+    t = median(times)
+    return t, times
+
+def time_coef(tc, nc, tb, nb):
+    """Return time coefficient relative to base numbers.
+    @param  tc:     current test time
+    @param  nc:     current test data size
+    @param  tb:     base test time
+    @param  nb:     base test data size
+    @return:        time coef.
+    """
+    tc = float(tc)
+    nc = float(nc)
+    tb = float(tb)
+    nb = float(nb)
+    q = (tc * nb) / (tb * nc)
+    return q
+
+def get_test_data(n1, offset, n2):
+    """Create test data on given pattern.
+    @param  n1:     size of first part of array at base address 0.
+    @param  offset: offset for second part of array.
+    @param  n2:     size of second part of array at given offset.
+    @return:        (overall size, hex file, IntelHex object)
+    """
+    # make IntelHex object
+    ih = intelhex.IntelHex()
+    addr = 0
+    for i in range_g(n1):
+        ih[addr] = addr % 256
+        addr += 1
+    addr += offset
+    for i in range_g(n2):
+        ih[addr] = addr % 256
+        addr += 1
+    # make hex file
+    sio = StringIO()
+    ih.write_hex_file(sio)
+    hexstr = sio.getvalue()
+    sio.close()
+    #
+    return n1+n2, hexstr, ih
+
+def get_base_50K():
+    return get_test_data(50000, 0, 0)
+
+def get_250K():
+    return get_test_data(250000, 0, 0)
+
+def get_100K_100K():
+    return get_test_data(100000, 1000000, 100000)
+
+def get_0_100K():
+    return get_test_data(0, 1000000, 100000)
+
+def get_1M():
+    return get_test_data(1000000, 0, 0)
+
+
+class Measure(object):
+    """Measure execution time helper."""
+
+    data_set = [
+        # (data name, getter)
+        ('base 50K', get_base_50K),     # first should be base numbers
+        ('250K', get_250K),
+        ('1M', get_1M),
+        ('100K+100K', get_100K_100K),
+        ('0+100K', get_0_100K),
+        ]
+
+    def __init__(self, n=3, read=True, write=True):
+        self.n = n
+        self.read = read
+        self.write = write
+        self.results = []
+
+    def measure_one(self, data):
+        """Do measuring of read and write operations.
+        @param  data:   3-tuple from get_test_data
+        @return:        (time readhex, time writehex)
+        """
+        _unused, hexstr, ih = data
+        tread, twrite = 0.0, 0.0
+        if self.read:
+            tread = run_readtest_N_times(intelhex.IntelHex, hexstr, self.n)[0]
+        if self.write:
+            twrite = run_writetest_N_times(ih.write_hex_file, self.n)[0]
+        return tread, twrite
+
+    def measure_all(self):
+        for name, getter in self.data_set:
+            data = getter()
+            times = self.measure_one(data)
+            self.results.append((name, times, data[0]))
+
+    def print_report(self, to_file=None):
+        if to_file is None:
+            to_file = sys.stdout
+
+        base_title, base_times, base_n = self.results[0]
+        base_read, base_write = base_times
+        read_report = ['%-10s\t%7.3f' % (base_title, base_read)]
+        write_report = ['%-10s\t%7.3f' % (base_title, base_write)]
+
+        for item in self.results[1:]:
+            cur_title, cur_times, cur_n = item
+            cur_read, cur_write = cur_times
+            if self.read:
+                qread = time_coef(cur_read, cur_n,
+                                  base_read, base_n)
+                read_report.append('%-10s\t%7.3f\t%7.3f' % (cur_title,
+                                                           cur_read,
+                                                           qread))
+            if self.write:
+                qwrite = time_coef(cur_write, cur_n,
+                                   base_write, base_n)
+                write_report.append('%-10s\t%7.3f\t%7.3f' % (cur_title,
+                                                            cur_write,
+                                                            qwrite))
+        if self.read:
+            to_file.write('Read operation:\n')
+            to_file.write('\n'.join(read_report))
+            to_file.write('\n\n')
+        if self.write:
+            to_file.write('Write operation:\n')
+            to_file.write('\n'.join(write_report))
+            to_file.write('\n\n')
+
+
+HELP = """\
+Usage: python _bench.py [OPTIONS]
+
+Options:
+    -h      this help
+    -n N    repeat tests N times
+    -r      run only tests for read operation
+    -w      run only tests for write operation
+
+If option -r or -w is not specified then all tests will be run.
+"""
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    """Main function to run benchmarks.
+    @param  argv:   command-line arguments.
+    @return:        exit code (0 is OK).
+    """
+    import getopt
+
+    # default values
+    test_read = None
+    test_write = None
+    n = 3       # number of repeat
+
+    if argv is None:
+        argv = sys.argv[1:]
+
+    try:
+        opts, args = getopt.getopt(argv, 'hn:rw', [])
+
+        for o,a in opts:
+            if o == '-h':
+                print(HELP)
+                return 0
+            elif o == '-n':
+                n = int(a)
+            elif o == '-r':
+                test_read = True
+            elif o == '-w':
+                test_write = True
+
+        if args:
+            raise getopt.GetoptError('Arguments are not used.')
+    except getopt.GetoptError:
+        msg = sys.exc_info()[1]     # current exception
+        txt = str(msg)
+        print(txt)
+        return 1
+
+    if (test_read, test_write) == (None, None):
+        test_read = test_write = True
+
+    m = Measure(n, test_read, test_write)
+    m.measure_all()
+    m.print_report()
+
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    sys.exit(main(sys.argv[1:]))
+
+
+"""
+
+Some Results
+************
+
+
+21/04/2007 revno.40
+Python 2.5 @ Windows XP, Intel Celeron M CPU 430 @ 1.73GHz
+
+Read operation:
+base 10K  	  0.031
+100K      	  0.360	  1.161
+1M        	  3.500	  1.129
+100K+100K 	  0.719	  1.160
+0+100K    	  0.360	  1.161
+
+Write operation:
+base 10K  	  0.031
+100K      	  0.297	  0.958
+1M        	  2.953	  0.953
+100K+100K 	  1.328	  2.142
+0+100K    	  0.312	  1.006
+
+
+21/04/2007 revno.46
+Python 2.5 @ Windows XP, Intel Celeron M CPU 430 @ 1.73GHz
+
+Read operation:
+base 10K  	  0.016
+100K      	  0.203	  1.269
+1M        	  2.000	  1.250
+100K+100K 	  0.422	  1.319
+0+100K    	  0.203	  1.269
+
+Write operation:
+base 10K  	  0.031
+100K      	  0.297	  0.958
+1M        	  2.969	  0.958
+100K+100K 	  1.328	  2.142
+0+100K    	  0.312	  1.006
+
+
+22/04/2007 revno.48
+Python 2.5 @ Windows XP, Intel Celeron M CPU 430 @ 1.73GHz
+
+Read operation:
+base 10K  	  0.016
+100K      	  0.187	  1.169
+1M        	  1.891	  1.182
+100K+100K 	  0.406	  1.269
+0+100K    	  0.188	  1.175
+
+Write operation:
+base 10K  	  0.031
+100K      	  0.296	  0.955
+1M        	  2.969	  0.958
+100K+100K 	  1.328	  2.142
+0+100K    	  0.312	  1.006
+
+
+19/08/2008 revno.72
+Python 2.5.2 @ Windows XP, Intel Celeron M CPU 430 @ 1.73GHz
+
+Read operation:
+base 10K          0.016
+100K              0.171   1.069
+1M                1.734   1.084
+100K+100K         0.375   1.172
+0+100K            0.172   1.075
+
+Write operation:
+base 10K          0.016
+100K              0.156   0.975
+1M                1.532   0.957
+100K+100K         0.344   1.075
+0+100K            0.156   0.975
+
+"""

tools/python/esptool/intelhex/compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2011, Bernhard Leiner
+# Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Alexander Belchenko
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms,
+# with or without modification, are permitted provided
+# that the following conditions are met:
+#
+# * Redistributions of source code must retain
+#   the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
+#   and the following disclaimer.
+# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce
+#   the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
+#   and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+#   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+# * Neither the name of the author nor the names
+#   of its contributors may be used to endorse
+#   or promote products derived from this software
+#   without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING,
+# BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
+# AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
+# IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY,
+# OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA,
+# OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
+# AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+# STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
+# EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+'''Compatibility functions for python 2 and 3.
+
+@author     Bernhard Leiner (bleiner AT gmail com)
+@author     Alexander Belchenko (alexander belchenko AT gmail com)
+'''
+
+__docformat__ = "javadoc"
+
+
+import sys, array
+
+
+if sys.version_info[0] >= 3:
+    # Python 3
+    Python = 3
+
+    def asbytes(s):
+        if isinstance(s, bytes):
+            return s
+        return s.encode('latin1')
+    def asstr(s):
+        if isinstance(s, str):
+            return s
+        return s.decode('latin1')
+
+    # for python >= 3.2 use 'tobytes', otherwise 'tostring'
+    array_tobytes = array.array.tobytes if sys.version_info[1] >= 2 else array.array.tostring
+
+    IntTypes = (int,)
+    StrType = str
+    UnicodeType = str
+
+    range_g = range     # range generator
+    def range_l(*args): # range list
+        return list(range(*args))
+
+    def dict_keys(dikt):        # dict keys list
+        return list(dikt.keys())
+    def dict_keys_g(dikt):      # dict keys generator
+        return dikt.keys()
+    def dict_items_g(dikt):     # dict items generator
+        return dikt.items()
+
+    from io import StringIO, BytesIO
+
+    def get_binary_stdout():
+        return sys.stdout.buffer
+
+    def get_binary_stdin():
+        return sys.stdin.buffer
+
+else:
+    # Python 2
+    Python = 2
+
+    asbytes = str
+    asstr = str
+
+    array_tobytes = array.array.tostring
+
+    IntTypes = (int, long)
+    StrType = basestring
+    UnicodeType = unicode
+
+    #range_g = xrange    # range generator
+    def range_g(*args):
+        # we want to use xrange here but on python 2 it does not work with long ints
+        try:
+            return xrange(*args)
+        except OverflowError:
+            start = 0
+            stop = 0
+            step = 1
+            n = len(args)
+            if n == 1:
+                stop = args[0]
+            elif n == 2:
+                start, stop = args
+            elif n == 3:
+                start, stop, step = args
+            else:
+                raise TypeError('wrong number of arguments in range_g call!')
+            if step == 0:
+                raise ValueError('step cannot be zero')
+            if step > 0:
+                def up(start, stop, step):
+                    while start < stop:
+                        yield start
+                        start += step
+                return up(start, stop, step)
+            else:
+                def down(start, stop, step):
+                    while start > stop:
+                        yield start
+                        start += step
+                return down(start, stop, step)
+
+    range_l = range     # range list
+
+    def dict_keys(dikt):        # dict keys list
+        return dikt.keys()
+    def dict_keys_g(dikt):      # dict keys generator
+        return dikt.keys()
+    def dict_items_g(dikt):     # dict items generator
+        return dikt.items()
+
+    from cStringIO import StringIO
+    BytesIO = StringIO
+
+    import os
+    def _force_stream_binary(stream):
+        """Force binary mode for stream on Windows."""
+        if os.name == 'nt':
+            f_fileno = getattr(stream, 'fileno', None)
+            if f_fileno:
+                fileno = f_fileno()
+                if fileno >= 0:
+                    import msvcrt
+                    msvcrt.setmode(fileno, os.O_BINARY)
+        return stream
+
+    def get_binary_stdout():
+        return _force_stream_binary(sys.stdout)
+
+    def get_binary_stdin():
+        return _force_stream_binary(sys.stdin)

tools/python/esptool/intelhex/getsizeof.py

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# Recursive version sys.getsizeof(). Extendable with custom handlers.
+# Code from http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577504/
+# Created by Raymond Hettinger on Fri, 17 Dec 2010 (MIT)
+
+import sys
+from itertools import chain
+from collections import deque
+try:
+    from reprlib import repr
+except ImportError:
+    pass
+
+def total_size(o, handlers={}, verbose=False):
+    """ Returns the approximate memory footprint an object and all of its contents.
+
+    Automatically finds the contents of the following builtin containers and
+    their subclasses:  tuple, list, deque, dict, set and frozenset.
+    To search other containers, add handlers to iterate over their contents:
+
+        handlers = {SomeContainerClass: iter,
+                    OtherContainerClass: OtherContainerClass.get_elements}
+
+    """
+    dict_handler = lambda d: chain.from_iterable(d.items())
+    all_handlers = {tuple: iter,
+                    list: iter,
+                    deque: iter,
+                    dict: dict_handler,
+                    set: iter,
+                    frozenset: iter,
+                   }
+    all_handlers.update(handlers)     # user handlers take precedence
+    seen = set()                      # track which object id's have already been seen
+    default_size = sys.getsizeof(0)       # estimate sizeof object without __sizeof__
+
+    def sizeof(o):
+        if id(o) in seen:       # do not double count the same object
+            return 0
+        seen.add(id(o))
+        s = sys.getsizeof(o, default_size)
+
+        if verbose:
+            print(s, type(o), repr(o))#, file=stderr)
+
+        for typ, handler in all_handlers.items():
+            if isinstance(o, typ):
+                s += sum(map(sizeof, handler(o)))
+                break
+        return s
+
+    return sizeof(o)
+
+
+##### Example call #####
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    #d = dict(a=1, b=2, c=3, d=[4,5,6,7], e='a string of chars')
+    print("dict 3 elements")
+    d = {0:0xFF, 1:0xEE, 2:0xCC}
+    print(total_size(d, verbose=True))
+
+    #print("array 3 elements")
+    #import array
+    #print(total_size(array.array('B', b'\x01\x02\x03')))

tools/python/esptool/loader.py

@@ -170,6 +170,8 @@ class StubFlasher:
             self.data = None
             self.data_start = None
 
+        self.bss_start = stub.get("bss_start")
+
 
 class ESPLoader(object):
     """Base class providing access to ESP ROM & software stub bootloaders.
@@ -184,8 +186,6 @@ class ESPLoader(object):
     CHIP_NAME = "Espressif device"
     IS_STUB = False
 
-    FPGA_SLOW_BOOT = False
-
     DEFAULT_PORT = "/dev/ttyUSB0"
 
     USES_RFC2217 = False
@@ -301,8 +301,39 @@ class ESPLoader(object):
         if isinstance(port, str):
             try:
                 self._port = serial.serial_for_url(port)
-            except serial.serialutil.SerialException:
+            except serial.serialutil.SerialException as e:
-                raise FatalError(f"Could not open {port}, the port doesn't exist")
+                port_issues = [
+                    [  # does not exist error
+                        re.compile(r"Errno 2|FileNotFoundError", re.IGNORECASE),
+                        "Check if the port is correct and ESP connected",
+                    ],
+                    [  # busy port error
+                        re.compile(r"Access is denied", re.IGNORECASE),
+                        "Check if the port is not used by another task",
+                    ],
+                ]
+                if sys.platform.startswith("linux"):
+                    port_issues.append(
+                        [  # permission denied error
+                            re.compile(r"Permission denied", re.IGNORECASE),
+                            (
+                                "Try to add user into dialout group: "
+                                "sudo usermod -a -G dialout $USER"
+                            ),
+                        ],
+                    )
+
+                hint_msg = ""
+                for port_issue in port_issues:
+                    if port_issue[0].search(str(e)):
+                        hint_msg = f"\nHint: {port_issue[1]}\n"
+                        break
+
+                raise FatalError(
+                    f"Could not open {port}, the port is busy or doesn't exist."
+                    f"\n({e})\n"
+                    f"{hint_msg}"
+                )
         else:
             self._port = port
         self._slip_reader = slip_reader(self._port, self.trace)
@@ -597,7 +628,7 @@ class ESPLoader(object):
 
         # This FPGA delay is for Espressif internal use
         if (
-            self.FPGA_SLOW_BOOT
+            self.CHIP_NAME == "ESP32"
             and os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_ENV_FPGA", "").strip() == "1"
         ):
             delay = extra_delay = 7
@@ -651,8 +682,17 @@ class ESPLoader(object):
             print("")  # end 'Connecting...' line
 
         if last_error is not None:
+            additional_msg = ""
+            if self.CHIP_NAME == "ESP32-C2" and self._port.baudrate < 115200:
+                additional_msg = (
+                    "\nNote: Please set a higher baud rate (--baud)"
+                    " if ESP32-C2 doesn't connect"
+                    " (at least 115200 Bd is recommended)."
+                )
+
             raise FatalError(
                 "Failed to connect to {}: {}"
+                f"{additional_msg}"
                 "\nFor troubleshooting steps visit: "
                 "https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esptool/en/latest/troubleshooting.html".format(  # noqa E501
                     self.CHIP_NAME, last_error
@@ -751,17 +791,17 @@ class ESPLoader(object):
             stub = StubFlasher(get_stub_json_path(self.CHIP_NAME))
             load_start = offset
             load_end = offset + size
-            for start, end in [
+            for stub_start, stub_end in [
-                (stub.data_start, stub.data_start + len(stub.data)),
+                (stub.bss_start, stub.data_start + len(stub.data)),  # DRAM = bss+data
-                (stub.text_start, stub.text_start + len(stub.text)),
+                (stub.text_start, stub.text_start + len(stub.text)),  # IRAM
             ]:
-                if load_start < end and load_end > start:
+                if load_start < stub_end and load_end > stub_start:
                     raise FatalError(
                         "Software loader is resident at 0x%08x-0x%08x. "
                         "Can't load binary at overlapping address range 0x%08x-0x%08x. "
                         "Either change binary loading address, or use the --no-stub "
                         "option to disable the software loader."
-                        % (start, end, load_start, load_end)
+                        % (stub_start, stub_end, load_start, load_end)
                     )
 
         return self.check_command(

tools/python/esptool/targets/__init__.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from .esp32c6beta import ESP32C6BETAROM
 from .esp32h2 import ESP32H2ROM
 from .esp32h2beta1 import ESP32H2BETA1ROM
 from .esp32h2beta2 import ESP32H2BETA2ROM
+from .esp32p4 import ESP32P4ROM
 from .esp32s2 import ESP32S2ROM
 from .esp32s3 import ESP32S3ROM
 from .esp32s3beta2 import ESP32S3BETA2ROM
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ CHIP_DEFS = {
     "esp32c2": ESP32C2ROM,
     "esp32c6": ESP32C6ROM,
     "esp32h2": ESP32H2ROM,
+    "esp32p4": ESP32P4ROM,
 }
 
 CHIP_LIST = list(CHIP_DEFS.keys())

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32.py

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ class ESP32ROM(ESPLoader):
     IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 0
     IS_STUB = False
 
-    FPGA_SLOW_BOOT = True
-
     CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x00F01D83]
 
     IROM_MAP_START = 0x400D0000
@@ -105,6 +103,8 @@ class ESP32ROM(ESPLoader):
 
     FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN = 32
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0x1C5F21B0
+
     """ Try to read the BLOCK1 (encryption key) and check if it is valid """
 
     def is_flash_encryption_key_valid(self):
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ class ESP32ROM(ESPLoader):
         return self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE + (4 * n))
 
     def chip_id(self):
-        raise NotSupportedError(self, "chip_id")
+        raise NotSupportedError(self, "Function chip_id")
 
     def read_mac(self, mac_type="BASE_MAC"):
         """Read MAC from EFUSE region"""
@@ -361,6 +361,7 @@ class ESP32ROM(ESPLoader):
         return rom_calculated_freq
 
     def change_baud(self, baud):
+        assert self.CHIP_NAME == "ESP32", "This workaround should only apply to ESP32"
         # It's a workaround to avoid esp32 CK_8M frequency drift.
         rom_calculated_freq = self.get_rom_cal_crystal_freq()
         valid_freq = 40000000 if rom_calculated_freq > 33000000 else 26000000
@@ -373,6 +374,11 @@ class ESP32ROM(ESPLoader):
         time.sleep(0.05)  # get rid of garbage sent during baud rate change
         self.flush_input()
 
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        # Pins 30, 31 do not exist
+        if not set(spi_connection).issubset(set(range(0, 30)) | set((32, 33))):
+            raise FatalError("SPI Pin numbers must be in the range 0-29, 32, or 33.")
+
 
 class ESP32StubLoader(ESP32ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32 stub loader, runs on top of ROM."""

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32c2.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import time
 
 from .esp32c3 import ESP32C3ROM
 from loader import ESPLoader
+from util import FatalError
 
 
 class ESP32C2ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
@@ -61,6 +62,8 @@ class ESP32C2ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
         [0x4037C000, 0x403C0000, "IRAM"],
     ]
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0x2B88D29C
+
     def get_pkg_version(self):
         num_word = 1
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK2_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 22) & 0x07
@@ -82,6 +85,16 @@ class ESP32C2ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
         num_word = 1
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK2_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 20) & 0x3
 
+    def get_flash_cap(self):
+        # ESP32-C2 doesn't have eFuse field FLASH_CAP.
+        # Can't get info about the flash chip.
+        return 0
+
+    def get_flash_vendor(self):
+        # ESP32-C2 doesn't have eFuse field FLASH_VENDOR.
+        # Can't get info about the flash chip.
+        return ""
+
     def get_crystal_freq(self):
         # The crystal detection algorithm of ESP32/ESP8266 works for ESP32-C2 as well.
         return ESPLoader.get_crystal_freq(self)
@@ -110,7 +123,7 @@ class ESP32C2ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
 
     def _post_connect(self):
         # ESP32C2 ECO0 is no longer supported by the flasher stub
-        if self.get_chip_revision() == 0:
+        if not self.secure_download_mode and self.get_chip_revision() == 0:
             self.stub_is_disabled = True
             self.IS_STUB = False
 
@@ -142,6 +155,10 @@ class ESP32C2ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
                     return True
             return False
 
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        if not set(spi_connection).issubset(set(range(0, 21))):
+            raise FatalError("SPI Pin numbers must be in the range 0-20.")
+
 
 class ESP32C2StubLoader(ESP32C2ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32C2 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32c3.py

@@ -14,8 +14,6 @@ class ESP32C3ROM(ESP32ROM):
     CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-C3"
     IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 5
 
-    FPGA_SLOW_BOOT = False
-
     IROM_MAP_START = 0x42000000
     IROM_MAP_END = 0x42800000
     DROM_MAP_START = 0x3C000000
@@ -31,8 +29,8 @@ class ESP32C3ROM(ESP32ROM):
 
     BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET = 0x0
 
-    # Magic value for ESP32C3 eco 1+2 and ESP32C3 eco3 respectivly
+    # Magic values for ESP32-C3 eco 1+2, eco 3, eco 6, and eco 7 respectively
-    CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x6921506F, 0x1B31506F]
+    CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x6921506F, 0x1B31506F, 0x4881606F, 0x4361606F]
 
     UART_DATE_REG_ADDR = 0x60000000 + 0x7C
 
@@ -99,6 +97,8 @@ class ESP32C3ROM(ESP32ROM):
         [0x600FE000, 0x60100000, "MEM_INTERNAL2"],
     ]
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0xD42BA06C
+
     def get_pkg_version(self):
         num_word = 3
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 21) & 0x07
@@ -114,16 +114,39 @@ class ESP32C3ROM(ESP32ROM):
         num_word = 5
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 24) & 0x03
 
+    def get_flash_cap(self):
+        num_word = 3
+        return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 27) & 0x07
+
+    def get_flash_vendor(self):
+        num_word = 4
+        vendor_id = (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 0) & 0x07
+        return {1: "XMC", 2: "GD", 3: "FM", 4: "TT", 5: "ZBIT"}.get(vendor_id, "")
+
     def get_chip_description(self):
         chip_name = {
-            0: "ESP32-C3",
+            0: "ESP32-C3 (QFN32)",
+            1: "ESP8685 (QFN28)",
+            2: "ESP32-C3 AZ (QFN32)",
+            3: "ESP8686 (QFN24)",
         }.get(self.get_pkg_version(), "unknown ESP32-C3")
         major_rev = self.get_major_chip_version()
         minor_rev = self.get_minor_chip_version()
         return f"{chip_name} (revision v{major_rev}.{minor_rev})"
 
     def get_chip_features(self):
-        return ["WiFi", "BLE"]
+        features = ["WiFi", "BLE"]
+
+        flash = {
+            0: None,
+            1: "Embedded Flash 4MB",
+            2: "Embedded Flash 2MB",
+            3: "Embedded Flash 1MB",
+            4: "Embedded Flash 8MB",
+        }.get(self.get_flash_cap(), "Unknown Embedded Flash")
+        if flash is not None:
+            features += [flash + f" ({self.get_flash_vendor()})"]
+        return features
 
     def get_crystal_freq(self):
         # ESP32C3 XTAL is fixed to 40MHz
@@ -205,6 +228,15 @@ class ESP32C3ROM(ESP32ROM):
         if not self.sync_stub_detected:  # Don't run if stub is reused
             self.disable_watchdogs()
 
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        if not set(spi_connection).issubset(set(range(0, 22))):
+            raise FatalError("SPI Pin numbers must be in the range 0-21.")
+        if any([v for v in spi_connection if v in [18, 19]]):
+            print(
+                "WARNING: GPIO pins 18 and 19 are used by USB-Serial/JTAG, "
+                "consider using other pins for SPI flash connection."
+            )
+
 
 class ESP32C3StubLoader(ESP32C3ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32C3 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32c6.py

@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ class ESP32C6ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
     CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-C6"
     IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 13
 
-    FPGA_SLOW_BOOT = False
-
     IROM_MAP_START = 0x42000000
     IROM_MAP_END = 0x42800000
     DROM_MAP_START = 0x42800000
@@ -101,6 +99,8 @@ class ESP32C6ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
         [0x600FE000, 0x60100000, "MEM_INTERNAL2"],
     ]
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0x540DDF62
+
     def get_pkg_version(self):
         num_word = 3
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 24) & 0x07
@@ -180,6 +180,15 @@ class ESP32C6ROM(ESP32C3ROM):
 
         return any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY for p in purposes)
 
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        if not set(spi_connection).issubset(set(range(0, 31))):
+            raise FatalError("SPI Pin numbers must be in the range 0-30.")
+        if any([v for v in spi_connection if v in [12, 13]]):
+            print(
+                "WARNING: GPIO pins 12 and 13 are used by USB-Serial/JTAG, "
+                "consider using other pins for SPI flash connection."
+            )
+
 
 class ESP32C6StubLoader(ESP32C6ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32C6 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32h2.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 from .esp32c6 import ESP32C6ROM
+from util import FatalError
 
 
 class ESP32H2ROM(ESP32C6ROM):
@@ -29,6 +30,8 @@ class ESP32H2ROM(ESP32C6ROM):
         "12m": 0x2,
     }
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0x332726F6
+
     def get_pkg_version(self):
         num_word = 4
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 0) & 0x07
@@ -56,6 +59,15 @@ class ESP32H2ROM(ESP32C6ROM):
         # ESP32H2 XTAL is fixed to 32MHz
         return 32
 
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        if not set(spi_connection).issubset(set(range(0, 28))):
+            raise FatalError("SPI Pin numbers must be in the range 0-27.")
+        if any([v for v in spi_connection if v in [26, 27]]):
+            print(
+                "WARNING: GPIO pins 26 and 27 are used by USB-Serial/JTAG, "
+                "consider using other pins for SPI flash connection."
+            )
+
 
 class ESP32H2StubLoader(ESP32H2ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32H2 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32p4.py

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2023 Fredrik Ahlberg, Angus Gratton,
+# Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD, other contributors as noted.
+#
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+import struct
+
+from .esp32 import ESP32ROM
+from loader import ESPLoader
+from util import FatalError, NotImplementedInROMError
+
+
+class ESP32P4ROM(ESP32ROM):
+    CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-P4"
+    IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 18
+
+    IROM_MAP_START = 0x40000000
+    IROM_MAP_END = 0x4C000000
+    DROM_MAP_START = 0x40000000
+    DROM_MAP_END = 0x4C000000
+
+    BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET = 0x2000  # First 2 sectors are reserved for FE purposes
+
+    CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x0]
+
+    UART_DATE_REG_ADDR = 0x500CA000 + 0x8C
+
+    EFUSE_BASE = 0x5012D000
+    EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR = EFUSE_BASE + 0x044
+    MAC_EFUSE_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x044
+
+    SPI_REG_BASE = 0x5008D000  # SPIMEM1
+    SPI_USR_OFFS = 0x18
+    SPI_USR1_OFFS = 0x1C
+    SPI_USR2_OFFS = 0x20
+    SPI_MOSI_DLEN_OFFS = 0x24
+    SPI_MISO_DLEN_OFFS = 0x28
+    SPI_W0_OFFS = 0x58
+
+    EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE = EFUSE_BASE + 0x030  # BLOCK0 read base address
+
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x34
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_SHIFT = 24
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x34
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_SHIFT = 28
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_SHIFT = 0
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_SHIFT = 4
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_SHIFT = 8
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x38
+    EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_SHIFT = 12
+
+    EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT_REG = EFUSE_RD_REG_BASE
+    EFUSE_DIS_DOWNLOAD_MANUAL_ENCRYPT = 1 << 20
+
+    EFUSE_SPI_BOOT_CRYPT_CNT_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x034
+    EFUSE_SPI_BOOT_CRYPT_CNT_MASK = 0x7 << 18
+
+    EFUSE_SECURE_BOOT_EN_REG = EFUSE_BASE + 0x038
+    EFUSE_SECURE_BOOT_EN_MASK = 1 << 20
+
+    PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_1 = 2
+    PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_2 = 3
+    PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY = 4
+
+    SUPPORTS_ENCRYPTED_FLASH = True
+
+    FLASH_ENCRYPTED_WRITE_ALIGN = 16
+
+    MEMORY_MAP = [
+        [0x00000000, 0x00010000, "PADDING"],
+        [0x40000000, 0x4C000000, "DROM"],
+        [0x4FF00000, 0x4FFA0000, "DRAM"],
+        [0x4FF00000, 0x4FFA0000, "BYTE_ACCESSIBLE"],
+        [0x4FC00000, 0x4FC20000, "DROM_MASK"],
+        [0x4FC00000, 0x4FC20000, "IROM_MASK"],
+        [0x40000000, 0x4C000000, "IROM"],
+        [0x4FF00000, 0x4FFA0000, "IRAM"],
+        [0x50108000, 0x50110000, "RTC_IRAM"],
+        [0x50108000, 0x50110000, "RTC_DRAM"],
+        [0x600FE000, 0x60100000, "MEM_INTERNAL2"],
+    ]
+
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0x3D308E94
+
+    def get_pkg_version(self):
+        # ESP32P4 TODO
+        return 0
+
+    def get_minor_chip_version(self):
+        # ESP32P4 TODO
+        return 0
+
+    def get_major_chip_version(self):
+        # ESP32P4 TODO
+        return 0
+
+    def get_chip_description(self):
+        chip_name = {
+            0: "ESP32-P4",
+        }.get(self.get_pkg_version(), "unknown ESP32-P4")
+        major_rev = self.get_major_chip_version()
+        minor_rev = self.get_minor_chip_version()
+        return f"{chip_name} (revision v{major_rev}.{minor_rev})"
+
+    def get_chip_features(self):
+        return ["High-Performance MCU"]
+
+    def get_crystal_freq(self):
+        # ESP32P4 XTAL is fixed to 40MHz
+        return 40
+
+    def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage):
+        raise NotImplementedInROMError(
+            "VDD_SDIO overrides are not supported for ESP32-P4"
+        )
+
+    def read_mac(self, mac_type="BASE_MAC"):
+        """Read MAC from EFUSE region"""
+        if mac_type != "BASE_MAC":
+            return None
+        mac0 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG)
+        mac1 = self.read_reg(self.MAC_EFUSE_REG + 4)  # only bottom 16 bits are MAC
+        bitstring = struct.pack(">II", mac1, mac0)[2:]
+        return tuple(bitstring)
+
+    def get_flash_crypt_config(self):
+        return None  # doesn't exist on ESP32-P4
+
+    def get_secure_boot_enabled(self):
+        return (
+            self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_SECURE_BOOT_EN_REG)
+            & self.EFUSE_SECURE_BOOT_EN_MASK
+        )
+
+    def get_key_block_purpose(self, key_block):
+        if key_block < 0 or key_block > 5:
+            raise FatalError("Valid key block numbers must be in range 0-5")
+
+        reg, shift = [
+            (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY0_SHIFT),
+            (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY1_SHIFT),
+            (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY2_SHIFT),
+            (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY3_SHIFT),
+            (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY4_SHIFT),
+            (self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_REG, self.EFUSE_PURPOSE_KEY5_SHIFT),
+        ][key_block]
+        return (self.read_reg(reg) >> shift) & 0xF
+
+    def is_flash_encryption_key_valid(self):
+        # Need to see either an AES-128 key or two AES-256 keys
+        purposes = [self.get_key_block_purpose(b) for b in range(6)]
+
+        if any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES128_KEY for p in purposes):
+            return True
+
+        return any(p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_1 for p in purposes) and any(
+            p == self.PURPOSE_VAL_XTS_AES256_KEY_2 for p in purposes
+        )
+
+    def change_baud(self, baud):
+        ESPLoader.change_baud(self, baud)
+
+    def _post_connect(self):
+        pass
+        # TODO: Disable watchdogs when USB modes are supported in the stub
+        # if not self.sync_stub_detected:  # Don't run if stub is reused
+        #     self.disable_watchdogs()
+
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        pass  # TODO: Define GPIOs for --spi-connection
+
+
+class ESP32P4StubLoader(ESP32P4ROM):
+    """Access class for ESP32P4 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.
+
+    (Basically the same as ESP32StubLoader, but different base class.
+    Can possibly be made into a mixin.)
+    """
+
+    FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000  # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c
+    STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2  # same as ESP8266, different to ESP32 ROM
+    IS_STUB = True
+
+    def __init__(self, rom_loader):
+        self.secure_download_mode = rom_loader.secure_download_mode
+        self._port = rom_loader._port
+        self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled
+        self.cache = rom_loader.cache
+        self.flush_input()  # resets _slip_reader
+
+
+ESP32P4ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP32P4StubLoader

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32s2.py

@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@ class ESP32S2ROM(ESP32ROM):
     CHIP_NAME = "ESP32-S2"
     IMAGE_CHIP_ID = 2
 
-    FPGA_SLOW_BOOT = False
-
     IROM_MAP_START = 0x40080000
     IROM_MAP_END = 0x40B80000
     DROM_MAP_START = 0x3F000000
@@ -101,6 +99,8 @@ class ESP32S2ROM(ESP32ROM):
         [0x50000000, 0x50002000, "RTC_DATA"],
     ]
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0xBFDD4EEE
+
     def get_pkg_version(self):
         num_word = 4
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 0) & 0x0F
@@ -120,10 +120,16 @@ class ESP32S2ROM(ESP32ROM):
         num_word = 3
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 21) & 0x0F
 
+    def get_flash_cap(self):
+        return self.get_flash_version()
+
     def get_psram_version(self):
         num_word = 3
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 28) & 0x0F
 
+    def get_psram_cap(self):
+        return self.get_psram_version()
+
     def get_block2_version(self):
         # BLK_VERSION_MINOR
         num_word = 4
@@ -137,7 +143,7 @@ class ESP32S2ROM(ESP32ROM):
             102: "ESP32-S2FNR2",
             100: "ESP32-S2R2",
         }.get(
-            self.get_flash_version() + self.get_psram_version() * 100,
+            self.get_flash_cap() + self.get_psram_cap() * 100,
             "unknown ESP32-S2",
         )
         major_rev = self.get_major_chip_version()
@@ -154,14 +160,14 @@ class ESP32S2ROM(ESP32ROM):
             0: "No Embedded Flash",
             1: "Embedded Flash 2MB",
             2: "Embedded Flash 4MB",
-        }.get(self.get_flash_version(), "Unknown Embedded Flash")
+        }.get(self.get_flash_cap(), "Unknown Embedded Flash")
         features += [flash_version]
 
         psram_version = {
             0: "No Embedded PSRAM",
             1: "Embedded PSRAM 2MB",
             2: "Embedded PSRAM 4MB",
-        }.get(self.get_psram_version(), "Unknown Embedded PSRAM")
+        }.get(self.get_psram_cap(), "Unknown Embedded PSRAM")
         features += [psram_version]
 
         block2_version = {
@@ -281,6 +287,15 @@ class ESP32S2ROM(ESP32ROM):
     def change_baud(self, baud):
         ESPLoader.change_baud(self, baud)
 
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        if not set(spi_connection).issubset(set(range(0, 22)) | set(range(26, 47))):
+            raise FatalError("SPI Pin numbers must be in the range 0-21, or 26-46.")
+        if any([v for v in spi_connection if v in [19, 20]]):
+            print(
+                "WARNING: GPIO pins 19 and 20 are used by USB-OTG, "
+                "consider using other pins for SPI flash connection."
+            )
+
 
 class ESP32S2StubLoader(ESP32S2ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32-S2 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32s3.py

@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ class ESP32S3ROM(ESP32ROM):
 
     CHIP_DETECT_MAGIC_VALUE = [0x9]
 
-    FPGA_SLOW_BOOT = False
-
     IROM_MAP_START = 0x42000000
     IROM_MAP_END = 0x44000000
     DROM_MAP_START = 0x3C000000
@@ -117,6 +115,8 @@ class ESP32S3ROM(ESP32ROM):
         [0x50000000, 0x50002000, "RTC_DATA"],
     ]
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0xC47E5767
+
     def get_pkg_version(self):
         num_word = 3
         return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 21) & 0x07
@@ -165,10 +165,53 @@ class ESP32S3ROM(ESP32ROM):
     def get_chip_description(self):
         major_rev = self.get_major_chip_version()
         minor_rev = self.get_minor_chip_version()
-        return f"{self.CHIP_NAME} (revision v{major_rev}.{minor_rev})"
+        pkg_version = self.get_pkg_version()
+
+        chip_name = {
+            0: "ESP32-S3 (QFN56)",
+            1: "ESP32-S3-PICO-1 (LGA56)",
+        }.get(pkg_version, "unknown ESP32-S3")
+
+        return f"{chip_name} (revision v{major_rev}.{minor_rev})"
+
+    def get_flash_cap(self):
+        num_word = 3
+        return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 27) & 0x07
+
+    def get_flash_vendor(self):
+        num_word = 4
+        vendor_id = (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 0) & 0x07
+        return {1: "XMC", 2: "GD", 3: "FM", 4: "TT", 5: "BY"}.get(vendor_id, "")
+
+    def get_psram_cap(self):
+        num_word = 4
+        return (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 3) & 0x03
+
+    def get_psram_vendor(self):
+        num_word = 4
+        vendor_id = (self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_BLOCK1_ADDR + (4 * num_word)) >> 7) & 0x03
+        return {1: "AP_3v3", 2: "AP_1v8"}.get(vendor_id, "")
 
     def get_chip_features(self):
-        return ["WiFi", "BLE"]
+        features = ["WiFi", "BLE"]
+
+        flash = {
+            0: None,
+            1: "Embedded Flash 8MB",
+            2: "Embedded Flash 4MB",
+        }.get(self.get_flash_cap(), "Unknown Embedded Flash")
+        if flash is not None:
+            features += [flash + f" ({self.get_flash_vendor()})"]
+
+        psram = {
+            0: None,
+            1: "Embedded PSRAM 8MB",
+            2: "Embedded PSRAM 2MB",
+        }.get(self.get_psram_cap(), "Unknown Embedded PSRAM")
+        if psram is not None:
+            features += [psram + f" ({self.get_psram_vendor()})"]
+
+        return features
 
     def get_crystal_freq(self):
         # ESP32S3 XTAL is fixed to 40MHz
@@ -306,6 +349,17 @@ class ESP32S3ROM(ESP32ROM):
     def change_baud(self, baud):
         ESPLoader.change_baud(self, baud)
 
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        if not set(spi_connection).issubset(set(range(0, 22)) | set(range(26, 49))):
+            raise FatalError("SPI Pin numbers must be in the range 0-21, or 26-48.")
+        if spi_connection[3] > 46:  # hd_gpio_num must be <= SPI_GPIO_NUM_LIMIT (46)
+            raise FatalError("SPI HD Pin number must be <= 46.")
+        if any([v for v in spi_connection if v in [19, 20]]):
+            print(
+                "WARNING: GPIO pins 19 and 20 are used by USB-Serial/JTAG and USB-OTG, "
+                "consider using other pins for SPI flash connection."
+            )
+
 
 class ESP32S3StubLoader(ESP32S3ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32S3 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp32s3beta2.py

@@ -14,11 +14,6 @@ class ESP32S3BETA2ROM(ESP32S3ROM):
 
     EFUSE_BASE = 0x6001A000  # BLOCK0 read base address
 
-    def get_chip_description(self):
-        major_rev = self.get_major_chip_version()
-        minor_rev = self.get_minor_chip_version()
-        return f"{self.CHIP_NAME} (revision v{major_rev}.{minor_rev})"
-
 
 class ESP32S3BETA2StubLoader(ESP32S3BETA2ROM):
     """Access class for ESP32S3 stub loader, runs on top of ROM.

tools/python/esptool/targets/esp8266.py

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 
 from loader import ESPLoader
-from util import FatalError, NotImplementedInROMError
+from util import FatalError, NotSupportedError
 
 
 class ESP8266ROM(ESPLoader):
@@ -60,6 +60,8 @@ class ESP8266ROM(ESPLoader):
         [0x40201010, 0x402E1010, "IROM"],
     ]
 
+    UF2_FAMILY_ID = 0x7EAB61ED
+
     def get_efuses(self):
         # Return the 128 bits of ESP8266 efuse as a single Python integer
         result = self.read_reg(0x3FF0005C) << 96
@@ -168,9 +170,10 @@ class ESP8266ROM(ESPLoader):
             return (num_sectors - head_sectors) * sector_size
 
     def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage):
-        raise NotImplementedInROMError(
+        raise NotSupportedError(self, "Overriding VDDSDIO")
-            "Overriding VDDSDIO setting only applies to ESP32"
+
-        )
+    def check_spi_connection(self, spi_connection):
+        raise NotSupportedError(self, "Setting --spi-connection")
 
 
 class ESP8266StubLoader(ESP8266ROM):

tools/python/esptool/targets/stub_flasher/stub_flasher_32.json

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 {
-    "entry": 1074521560,
+    "entry": 1074521580,
-    "text": "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",
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 }

tools/python/esptool/targets/stub_flasher/stub_flasher_32c2.json

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
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 }

tools/python/esptool/targets/stub_flasher/stub_flasher_32c6beta.json

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
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 }

tools/python/esptool/targets/stub_flasher/stub_flasher_32h2beta1.json

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
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 }

tools/python/esptool/targets/stub_flasher/stub_flasher_32h2beta2.json

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
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 }

tools/python/esptool/targets/stub_flasher/stub_flasher_32p4.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
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+    "text": "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",
+    "text_start": 1341194240,
+    "data": "DAD1T+4I8U86CfFPkgnxT2gK8U/UCvFPggrxT7YH8U8kCvFPZArxT6YJ8U9mB/FP2gnxT2YH8U/ICPFPDAnxTzoJ8U+SCfFP2gjxTyAI8U9QCPFP1gjxTywN8U86CfFP7AvxT+AM8U+yBvFPCg3xT7IG8U+yBvFPsgbxT7IG8U+yBvFPsgbxT7IG8U+yBvFPiAvxT7IG8U8IDPFP4AzxTw==",
+    "data_start": 1341533096,
+    "bss_start": 1341456384
+}

tools/python/esptool/uf2_writer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2020-2023 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+# Code was originally licensed under Apache 2.0 before the release of ESP-IDF v5.2
+
+import hashlib
+import os
+import struct
+from typing import List
+
+from util import div_roundup
+
+
+class UF2Writer(object):
+    # The UF2 format is described here: https://github.com/microsoft/uf2
+    UF2_BLOCK_SIZE = 512
+    # max value of CHUNK_SIZE reduced by optional parts. Currently, MD5_PART only.
+    UF2_DATA_SIZE = 476
+    UF2_MD5_PART_SIZE = 24
+    UF2_FIRST_MAGIC = 0x0A324655
+    UF2_SECOND_MAGIC = 0x9E5D5157
+    UF2_FINAL_MAGIC = 0x0AB16F30
+    UF2_FLAG_FAMILYID_PRESENT = 0x00002000
+    UF2_FLAG_MD5_PRESENT = 0x00004000
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        chip_id: int,
+        output_file: os.PathLike,
+        chunk_size: int,
+        md5_enabled: bool = True,
+    ) -> None:
+        if not md5_enabled:
+            self.UF2_MD5_PART_SIZE = 0
+            self.UF2_FLAG_MD5_PRESENT = 0x00000000
+        self.md5_enabled = md5_enabled
+        self.chip_id = chip_id
+        self.CHUNK_SIZE = (
+            self.UF2_DATA_SIZE - self.UF2_MD5_PART_SIZE
+            if chunk_size is None
+            else chunk_size
+        )
+        self.f = open(output_file, "wb")
+
+    def __enter__(self) -> "UF2Writer":
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, exc_type: str, exc_val: int, exc_tb: List) -> None:
+        if self.f:
+            self.f.close()
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _to_uint32(num: int) -> bytes:
+        return struct.pack("<I", num)
+
+    def _write_block(
+        self, addr: int, chunk: bytes, len_chunk: int, block_no: int, blocks: int
+    ) -> None:
+        assert len_chunk > 0
+        assert len_chunk <= self.CHUNK_SIZE
+        assert block_no < blocks
+        block = struct.pack(
+            "<IIIIIIII",
+            self.UF2_FIRST_MAGIC,
+            self.UF2_SECOND_MAGIC,
+            self.UF2_FLAG_FAMILYID_PRESENT | self.UF2_FLAG_MD5_PRESENT,
+            addr,
+            len_chunk,
+            block_no,
+            blocks,
+            self.chip_id,
+        )
+        block += chunk
+
+        if self.md5_enabled:
+            md5_part = struct.pack("<II", addr, len_chunk)
+            md5_part += hashlib.md5(chunk).digest()
+            assert len(md5_part) == self.UF2_MD5_PART_SIZE
+
+            block += md5_part
+        block += b"\x00" * (self.UF2_DATA_SIZE - self.UF2_MD5_PART_SIZE - len_chunk)
+        block += self._to_uint32(self.UF2_FINAL_MAGIC)
+        assert len(block) == self.UF2_BLOCK_SIZE
+        self.f.write(block)
+
+    def add_file(self, addr: int, image: bytes) -> None:
+        blocks = div_roundup(len(image), self.CHUNK_SIZE)
+        chunks = [
+            image[i : i + self.CHUNK_SIZE]
+            for i in range(0, len(image), self.CHUNK_SIZE)
+        ]
+        for i, chunk in enumerate(chunks):
+            len_chunk = len(chunk)
+            self._write_block(addr, chunk, len_chunk, i, blocks)
+            addr += len_chunk

tools/python/esptool/util.py

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ def flash_size_bytes(size):
     """Given a flash size of the type passed in args.flash_size
     (ie 512KB or 1MB) then return the size in bytes.
     """
+    if size is None:
+        return None
     if "MB" in size:
         return int(size[: size.index("MB")]) * 1024 * 1024
     elif "KB" in size:
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ def print_overwrite(message, last_line=False):
     If output is not a TTY (for example redirected a pipe),
     no overwriting happens and this function is the same as print().
     """
-    if sys.stdout.isatty():
+    if hasattr(sys.stdout, "isatty") and sys.stdout.isatty():
         print("\r%s" % message, end="\n" if last_line else "")
     else:
         print(message)
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ class NotSupportedError(FatalError):
     def __init__(self, esp, function_name):
         FatalError.__init__(
             self,
-            "Function %s is not supported for %s." % (function_name, esp.CHIP_NAME),
+            f"{function_name} is not supported by {esp.CHIP_NAME}.",
         )